Evidential Pluralism provides an account of how to establish causal claims in medicine and the health science, and a new approach to evidence-based medicine, called ‘EBM+’.
For overviews of the EBM+ programme, please see this paper on The EBM+ Movement. And here is a handbook on the EBM+ approach: Evaluating evidence of mechanisms in medicine: Principles and procedures.
For some motivation for EBM+, see
- Jon Williamson: Establishing causal claims in medicine, International Studies in the Philosophy of Science 32(1): 33-61, 2019.
doi: 10.1080/02698595.2019.1630927
Some recent papers related to EBM+ include:
- Marissa LeBlanc, Jon Williamson, Francesco De Pretis, Juergen Landes & Elena Rocca: Individual consent in cluster randomised trials for non-pharmaceutical interventions: Going beyond the Ottawa Statement, Critical Public Health 34(1): 2338074, 2024. doi: 10.1080/09581596.2024.2338074
- Andrew Park, Daniel Steel & Elicia Maine, Evidence-based Medicine and Mechanistic Evidence: The Case of the Failed Rollout of Efavirenz in Zimbabwe, The Journal of Medicine and Philosophy: A Forum for Bioethics and Philosophy of Medicine 48(4): 348-358, 2023; doi: 10.1093/jmp/jhad019
- , et al.: Adapt or die: how the pandemic made the shift from EBM to EBM+ more urgent,
- Mariusz Maziarz & Adrian Stencel, The failure of drug repurposing for COVID‑19 as an effect of excessive hypothesis testing and weak mechanistic evidence, History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences 44:47. doi: 10.1007/s40656-022-00532-9
- Daniel Auker-Howlett and Jon Williamson: Vaccination uptake interventions: an EBM+ approach, Argumenta 7(1): 79-96, 2021. . doi: 10.14275/2465-2334/202113.auk
- Jeffrey K. Aronson, Daniel Auker-Howlett, Virginia Ghiara, Michael P. Kelly and Jon Williamson: The use of mechanistic reasoning in assessing coronavirus interventions, Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 27(3): 684-693, 2021. . doi: 10.1111/jep.13438
- Jon Williamson: The feasibility and malleability of EBM+, Theoria 36(2):191-209, 2021. doi: 10.1387/theoria.21244
For more detail, see the research projects:
- Evaluating evidence in medicine (AHRC 2015-18)
- Grading evidence of mechanisms in physics and biology (Leverhulme Trust 2015-18)
- Mechanisms and the evidence hierarchy (AHRC 2012)