Encyclopedias and dictionaries

Encyclopedias and dictionaries provide summaries of information and collections of words and including usage definition, etymologies, pronunciations and more.

Other sources listed here also provide introductions to subjects and maps

Online

•  Oxford Classical Dictionary
  Continuously updated encyclopedia to all aspects of classical antiquity. 
• The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology. Darvill, T. 2008. Oxford University Press.
  Brief and basic terms for archaeological work, including people, places, monuments and equipment. Online version can be cross-referenced with the entire Oxford Reference Online database.
• Brill’s Original “Big” Pauly aka (Realencyclopädie der classischenAltertumswissenschaft)
  This is a very important encyclopaedia of the ancient world in German (see Print Resources for the “New Pauly” in English), which is being digitized at Wikisource.. Topics are from one of two sections: Antiquity, which covers the ancient world of Greece and Rome, and the Classical Tradition, which covers the history of classical scholarship.
• Cambridge Ancient History
  Authoritative history of the ancient world presented in downloadable PDF chapters. CAH is the most comprehensive survey of ancient history available. It covers the prehistoric Mediterranean era (Mesopotamia, Egypt, the Minoan and Mycenaean periods to 324 C.E. when Constantine the Great became sole ruler of the Roman empire). CAH counts among its contributors the leading British classical and Near Eastern scholars of several generations, along with a number of notable American and European scholars. Political, social, economic, cultural history. Maps and genealogical table. Extensive bibliographies. Plates appear in separate volumes. It is somewhat difficult to use because of numerous revisions. As a result its parts are now in various editions. /li>
• Cambridge Histories – Ancient History & Classics
  Cambridge Histories offers an essential reference collection on the ancient world across a span of Cambridge University Press Publications. Available as downloadable PDF chapters.
• Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology 2020 edition
• Encyclopedia of Archaeology: History and Discoveries. Murray, Tim. ABC-CLIO, 2001.
• Digimap online maps and data are available to download and use with GIS or CAD software.It allows Archaeologists to analyse changes in the landscape, identify features, and create detailed spatial models.
• Oxford Very Short Introductions provide concise and original introductions to a wide range of subjects to help introduce you to popular theories, ideas and topics. Browse the subjects to find titles onClassics and Archaeology.

In Print

• Brill’s New Pauly series is the English edition of the authoritative Der Neue Pauly published since 1996. Includes multiple volumes of encyclopaedias, dictionaires, essays and atlas on the Ancient World
• Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt (ANRW)
  >Handbook of “Roman Studies in the broadest sense, and includes the history of the reception and influence of Roman Culture up to the present time.” Online index from the University of Kentucky.>
• Who Was Who in the Roman World: 753 B.C.-A.D. 476. Bowder, Diana, ed. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1980.
• A Dictionary of Ancient History. Speake, Graham. Oxford: Blackwell, 1994.
• The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Archaeology. Sherrat, Andrew, ed. New York: Crown Publishers/Cambridge University Press, 1980.
• A Dictionary of Archaeology. edited by Ian Shaw and Robert Jameson, 1999.
• Archaeological Method & Theory: An Encyclopedia. Editor, Linda Ellis, 2000.
• The Penguin Encyclopedia of Classical Civilizations. Cotterell, Arthur, ed. New York: Viking, 1993.