{"id":217,"date":"2016-03-15T10:00:29","date_gmt":"2016-03-15T10:00:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/?p=217"},"modified":"2024-11-18T12:13:24","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T12:13:24","slug":"visiting-the-baths-in-ancient-rome","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/2016\/03\/15\/visiting-the-baths-in-ancient-rome\/","title":{"rendered":"Visiting the Baths in Ancient Rome"},"content":{"rendered":"<ul class=\"kent-social-links\"><li><a href='http:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer.php?u=https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/2016\/03\/15\/visiting-the-baths-in-ancient-rome\/&amp;t=Visiting the Baths in Ancient Rome' target='_blank'><i class='ksocial-facebook' title='Share via Facebook'><\/i><\/a><\/li><li><a href='http:\/\/twitter.com\/home?status=Visiting the Baths in Ancient Rome%20https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/2016\/03\/15\/visiting-the-baths-in-ancient-rome\/' target='_blank'><i class='ksocial-twitter' title='Share via Twitter'><\/i><\/a><\/li><li><a href='https:\/\/plus.google.com\/share?url=https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/2016\/03\/15\/visiting-the-baths-in-ancient-rome\/' target='_blank'><i class='ksocial-google-plus' title='Share via Google Plus'><\/i><\/a><\/li><li><a href='http:\/\/linkedin.com\/shareArticle?mini=true&amp;url=https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/2016\/03\/15\/visiting-the-baths-in-ancient-rome\/&amp;title=Visiting the Baths in Ancient Rome' target='_blank'><i class='ksocial-linkedin' title='Share via Linked In'><\/i><\/a><\/li><li><a href='mailto:content=https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/2016\/03\/15\/visiting-the-baths-in-ancient-rome\/&amp;title=Visiting the Baths in Ancient Rome' target='_blank'><i class='ksocial-email' title='Share via Email'><\/i><\/a><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"color: #ffffff\">For Lucius and his family \u2014 just like for most Romans \u2014 a trip to the baths was an essential feature of every day life. By the first century CE, just about every town across the Empire took part in this practice. But the baths were not only about keeping clean, the practice of communal bathing also offered the chance to socialise and even get invites to dinner.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff\"><strong>The changing face of public baths<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ffffff\"> As the practice of public bathing expanded, the bath complexes evolved into spectacular and sophisticated examples of Roman architecture. Early public baths were dark and steamy, but that began to change around the first century CE, as the newly perfected production of window glass allowed for a much lighter and airier environment. The improvements didn\u2019t always find favour, however. In<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"> <a style=\"color: #ffffff;text-decoration: underline\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikisource.org\/wiki\/Moral_letters_to_Lucilius\/Letter_86\"><strong>Letter 86<\/strong><\/a><\/span>, Seneca writes in support of the old-style baths buried in darkness at the villa of <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><a style=\"color: #ffffff;text-decoration: underline\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thelatinlibrary.com\/imperialism\/notes\/scipio.html\"><strong>Scipio Africanus<\/strong><\/a><\/span>, contrasting the experience with the needless extravagance of the newer facilities. Seneca vividly describes how the new luxurious establishments are richly decorated with large and costly mirrors, imported marble, and have water pouring from silver spigots.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff\">Seneca may not have been a big fan of the new style bathhouses, but others clearly were. Martial, for example, sings their praises \u2014 note how even the quality of water is exalted. <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><a style=\"color: #ffffff;text-decoration: underline\" href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/stream\/martialepigrams01martiala?ui=embed#page\/382\/mode\/2up\"><strong>Mart. 6.42 (link here)<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff\">However, some commentators paint a rather different picture. Marcus Aurelius, for example, talks of the oil, sweat, dirt, and filthy water at the baths.<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"> <a style=\"color: #ffffff;text-decoration: underline\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikisource.org\/wiki\/The_Thoughts_of_the_Emperor_Marcus_Aurelius_Antoninus\/Book_VIII\"><strong><em>Med. 8.24<\/em><\/strong><\/a><\/span>. Celsus also casts aspersions on the water quality of the baths, as he warns that the worst thing for a fresh wound is a trip to the baths, as it can result in a wound becoming gangrenous. <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><a style=\"color: #ffffff;text-decoration: underline\" href=\"http:\/\/www.perseus.tufts.edu\/hopper\/text?doc=Cels.%205.26.23&amp;lang=original\"><strong>Celsus 5.26<\/strong><\/a><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/files\/2016\/03\/Forum-Baths-decoration.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-220\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-220\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/files\/2016\/03\/Forum-Baths-decoration-300x160.jpg\" alt=\"Forum Baths decoration\" width=\"501\" height=\"267\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/files\/2016\/03\/Forum-Baths-decoration-300x160.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/files\/2016\/03\/Forum-Baths-decoration.jpg 660w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 501px) 100vw, 501px\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ffffff\"><em>The Forum Baths at Pompeii give us an idea of the type of architecture and decoration lavished on the bathhouses. Left, the frigidarium (cold room), top right, the caldarium (hot room), bottom right, detail of decoration in the apodyterium (changing room). Images: Paula Lock<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff\">In the film, Lucius visits the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><a style=\"color: #ffffff;text-decoration: underline\" href=\"http:\/\/penelope.uchicago.edu\/Thayer\/E\/Gazetteer\/Places\/Europe\/Italy\/Lazio\/Roma\/Rome\/_Texts\/PLATOP*\/Thermae_Agrippae.html\"><strong>Baths of Agrippa<\/strong><\/a><\/span>, located in the southern part of the Campus Martius. These baths were the first of the great Imperial Thermae.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff\">Although today not much is left of <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><a style=\"color: #ffffff;text-decoration: underline\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Baths_of_Agrippa#\/media\/File:Rom,_die_Agrippa_Thermen.JPG\"><strong>the complex<\/strong><\/a><\/span>, the baths at Pompeii (<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><a style=\"color: #ffffff;text-decoration: underline\" href=\"http:\/\/pompeiiinpictures.com\/pompeiiinpictures\/R9\/9%2004%2005.htm\"><strong>Central Baths<\/strong><\/a><\/span>, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><a style=\"color: #ffffff;text-decoration: underline\" href=\"http:\/\/pompeiiinpictures.com\/pompeiiinpictures\/R7\/7%2005%2024%20p1.htm\"><strong>Forum baths<\/strong><\/a><\/span> and the older <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><a style=\"color: #ffffff;text-decoration: underline\" href=\"http:\/\/pompeiiinpictures.com\/pompeiiinpictures\/R7\/7%2001%2008%20plan%20v2.htm\"><strong>Stabian Baths<\/strong><\/a><\/span>) can give us a good idea of the type of experience Lucius might have had on his visit.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/files\/2016\/03\/BathsAgrippa_planPL_LR.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-219\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-219\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/files\/2016\/03\/BathsAgrippa_planPL_LR-202x300.jpg\" alt=\"BathsAgrippa_planPL_LR\" width=\"316\" height=\"469\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/files\/2016\/03\/BathsAgrippa_planPL_LR-202x300.jpg 202w, https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/files\/2016\/03\/BathsAgrippa_planPL_LR.jpg 240w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 316px) 100vw, 316px\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ffffff\"><em>Plan of the Baths of Agrippa (Plan by Inga Friis from Nielsen 1990, fig. 49).<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff\"><strong>A trip to the baths<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ffffff\"> The time you chose to visit the baths played a key role in shaping your experience, as the temperature varied throughout the day. In the film, Lucius visits the baths at the 8th hour (2pm) when they were at a \u2018perfect\u2019 temperature (this is the hour recommended by<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"> <a style=\"color: #ffffff;text-decoration: underline\" href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/stream\/martialepigrams02martiala?ui=embed#page\/190\/mode\/2up\"><strong>Martial 10.48<\/strong><\/a><\/span>). Two hours earlier, they would have been at their hottest and as the sun began to set, they became tepid. The rich, who had no time constraints, could choose to bathe at the optimum time and therefore temperature, but labourers or slaves \u2014\u00a0who were not in control of their time \u2014\u00a0had to settle for a tepid bathing experience once their work was done.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff\">On entering the baths your first stop would be the apodyterium (changing room). Here you removed all of your clothes. The only thing you would keep on would be your bath sandals, which helped to protect your feet from the heat of the floors.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/files\/2016\/03\/Herculaneum-apodyterium_LR.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-221\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-221\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/files\/2016\/03\/Herculaneum-apodyterium_LR-300x201.jpg\" alt=\"Herculaneum apodyterium_LR\" width=\"504\" height=\"338\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/files\/2016\/03\/Herculaneum-apodyterium_LR-300x201.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/files\/2016\/03\/Herculaneum-apodyterium_LR-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/files\/2016\/03\/Herculaneum-apodyterium_LR.jpg 660w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 504px) 100vw, 504px\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ffffff\"><em>The apodyterium (changing room) in the Central Baths at Herculaneum. Image: Paula Lock<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff\">Some Romans took a clothes guard along to the baths with them \u2014 for example, Martial mentions Aper who employed a one-eyed woman to watch over his belongings. (<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><a style=\"color: #ffffff;text-decoration: underline\" href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/stream\/martialepigrams02martiala?ui=embed#page\/370\/mode\/2up\"><strong>Mart. 12.70.2<\/strong><\/a><\/span>) If you didn\u2019t have a clothes guard, you could find yourself the victim of a thief. If so, you might call on the gods for justice, as the large haul of curse tablets found in the spring in the baths at Bath attest.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff\">The overall bathing ritual was a lot more involved than what we would think of a bath entailing today. For a start, washing \u2014 or at least getting clean \u2014 was only one aspect of the process: exercise and massage also played a part. So having taken off your clothes, you would normally be anointed with oil and then head off for some light exercise, such as a ball game. Having worked up a bit of a sweat, you would start the sensory journey through the sequence of rooms that made up the baths themselves. Although there was no set route, you might start, as Lucius does, with an exhilarating visit to the <em>frigidarium<\/em> (cold room), luxuriate in the <em>tepidarium<\/em> (warm room), and then move onto the <em>caldarium<\/em> (hot room), where you would sweat some more. At some point, your skin would be scraped with a strigil to remove the sweat, dirt and oil, and you might also have a massage. At the end of the process, if you were wealthy enough, you would be anointed with perfumes. For Lucius and his family the bathing process takes just over an hour but for those with time to spare, it could be a much more leisurely experience.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/files\/2016\/03\/AthleteStrigel_BM.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-218\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-218\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/files\/2016\/03\/AthleteStrigel_BM-300x160.jpg\" alt=\"AthleteStrigel_BM\" width=\"471\" height=\"251\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/files\/2016\/03\/AthleteStrigel_BM-300x160.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/files\/2016\/03\/AthleteStrigel_BM.jpg 660w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 471px) 100vw, 471px\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ffffff\"><em>Left, a set of bronze strigils. Right, bronze statue of an athlete scraping his skin with a strigil. British Museum. Images: Paula Lock<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff\"><a style=\"color: #ffffff\" href=\"http:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/files\/2016\/03\/New-clog-Vindolanda-Trust_LR.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-222\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-222\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/files\/2016\/03\/New-clog-Vindolanda-Trust_LR-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"New clog-Vindolanda Trust_LR\" width=\"474\" height=\"267\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/files\/2016\/03\/New-clog-Vindolanda-Trust_LR-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/files\/2016\/03\/New-clog-Vindolanda-Trust_LR.jpg 660w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 474px) 100vw, 474px\" \/><\/a><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ffffff\"> <em>Bath sandal from Vindolanda. Image: The Vindolanda Trust<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff\">The sensory experience provided by the baths was not just for the bathers, as Seneca \u2014 who lived above a bathhouse \u2014 reveals. He paints a vivid picture of the cacophony of sounds that would shatter his valued peace and quiet.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff\">Exercise: You can immerse yourself in Seneca\u2019s sensory experience <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><a style=\"color: #ffffff;text-decoration: underline\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikisource.org\/wiki\/Moral_letters_to_Lucilius\/Letter_56\"><strong>here<\/strong><\/a><\/span>. As you read try to identify:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ffffff\">What activities took place at the baths?<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ffffff\">What sounds was Seneca subjected to?<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ffffff\">What sort of smells might have wafted around the bathhouses?<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff\"><strong>Baths, women and children<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ffffff\"> When watching the film, you may have noticed that there were no women present in the baths with Lucius and his family. Although in the first century CE men and women bathed naked together (edicts were later issued to stop this practice), women could also choose to visit one of the older Republican baths. In these, bathing was segregated and separate facilities were provided for men and women. Alternatively, if separate facilities were not available, a designated time was appointed for women-only bathing.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff\">It seems, from the evidence, that children younger than Lucius and his brother were also welcome at the baths. Three children\u2019s teeth have been found in the baths at Caerleon in Wales, and it has also been suggested (by Koloski-Ostrow) that a drawing of stick men in the Sarno Baths in Pompeii was made by a waiting child. An inscription from Rome also attests to child bathers. Here, two freedpeople mourn the death of their eight-year-old son who drowned in the piscine of the Baths of Mars. CIL 6.16740<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff\">One text that deals with the management of the baths at Vipasca, an imperial mining facility, not only details the allotted time for male and female bathers, but also provides an interesting behind-the-scenes glimpse into the operations of a bathhouse.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff\">Exercise: Study the text, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><a style=\"color: #ffffff;text-decoration: underline\" href=\"https:\/\/romanvoices.wikispaces.com\/Vipasca+Bronzes\"><strong>Of the Management of the Baths<\/strong><\/a><\/span>, and note down:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ffffff\">The opening hours of the baths and the times designated for male and female bathers;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ffffff\">The duties that must be performed;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ffffff\">The penalties incurred for not adhering to the rules.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff\"><strong>Home and dinner<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ffffff\"> As well as being centres for cleanliness, the baths had a social function as they were often used as a meeting place for people planning to have dinner together afterwards. One downside of this arrangement was that those without dinner plans would use the baths as a venue to hunt down an invitation. Martial paints a picture of one particularly tiresome dinner-hunter who latches onto his victim until he finally gets the offer \u2018come and dine\u2019. <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><a style=\"color: #ffffff;text-decoration: underline\" href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/stream\/martialepigrams02martiala?ui=embed#page\/376\/mode\/2up\"><strong>Mart. 12.82<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff\">For the Secundus family, having completed their trip to the baths, they head off home for a well deserved dinner, refreshed, relaxed and smelling of sweet perfume.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff\"><strong>Bibliography<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ffffff\"> Fagan, Garrett G. <em>Bathing in Public in the Roman World<\/em>. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1999.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ffffff\"> Laurence, Ray. <em>Roman Passions: A History of Pleasure in Imperial Rome<\/em>. London; New York: Continuum, 2009. See Chapter 5, The Roman Body at the Baths.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ffffff\"> Nielsen, Inge. <em>Thermae et Balnea: The Architecture and Cultural Historyof Roman Public Baths<\/em>. Aarhus: Aarhus University Press, 1990.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ffffff\"> Yeg\u00fcl, Fikret K. <em>Bathing in the Roman World<\/em>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"kent-social-links\"><li><a href='http:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer.php?u=https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/2016\/03\/15\/visiting-the-baths-in-ancient-rome\/&amp;t=Visiting the Baths in Ancient Rome' target='_blank'><i class='ksocial-facebook' title='Share via Facebook'><\/i><\/a><\/li><li><a href='http:\/\/twitter.com\/home?status=Visiting the Baths in Ancient Rome%20https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/2016\/03\/15\/visiting-the-baths-in-ancient-rome\/' target='_blank'><i class='ksocial-twitter' title='Share via Twitter'><\/i><\/a><\/li><li><a href='https:\/\/plus.google.com\/share?url=https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/2016\/03\/15\/visiting-the-baths-in-ancient-rome\/' target='_blank'><i class='ksocial-google-plus' title='Share via Google Plus'><\/i><\/a><\/li><li><a href='http:\/\/linkedin.com\/shareArticle?mini=true&amp;url=https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/2016\/03\/15\/visiting-the-baths-in-ancient-rome\/&amp;title=Visiting the Baths in Ancient Rome' target='_blank'><i class='ksocial-linkedin' title='Share via Linked In'><\/i><\/a><\/li><li><a href='mailto:content=https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/2016\/03\/15\/visiting-the-baths-in-ancient-rome\/&amp;title=Visiting the Baths in Ancient Rome' target='_blank'><i class='ksocial-email' title='Share via Email'><\/i><\/a><\/li><\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>For Lucius and his family \u2014 just like for most Romans \u2014 a trip to the baths was an essential&hellip; <a class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/2016\/03\/15\/visiting-the-baths-in-ancient-rome\/\">Read more <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Visiting the Baths in Ancient Rome<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":40877,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[152656,152666],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/217"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/40877"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=217"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/217\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":938,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/217\/revisions\/938"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=217"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=217"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/lucius-romans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=217"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}