{"id":10930,"date":"2018-02-12T16:04:26","date_gmt":"2018-02-12T16:04:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/isnews\/?p=10930"},"modified":"2020-07-07T09:03:17","modified_gmt":"2020-07-07T08:03:17","slug":"what-is-this-about-research-data","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/isnews\/what-is-this-about-research-data\/","title":{"rendered":"What is this about Research Data?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"\">\n<h2 class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">What are research data?<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">Research data means different things to different researchers. Research data are information generated by <span class=\"adverb\">scholarly<\/span> projects which supports or validates the analysis. Each project will produce data with unique characteristics. As a result, it comes in many formats and forms.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"\">\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">Your research datasets may include:<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-ul\">\n<li class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-unorderedListItem public-DraftStyleDefault-reset public-DraftStyleDefault-depth0 public-DraftStyleDefault-listLTR\">\n<div class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">machine generated code<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-unorderedListItem public-DraftStyleDefault-reset public-DraftStyleDefault-depth0 public-DraftStyleDefault-listLTR\">\n<div class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">recordings and transcriptions of interviews<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-unorderedListItem public-DraftStyleDefault-reset public-DraftStyleDefault-depth0 public-DraftStyleDefault-listLTR\">\n<div class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">photographs detailing the stages of development of an artwork<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-unorderedListItem public-DraftStyleDefault-reset public-DraftStyleDefault-depth0 public-DraftStyleDefault-listLTR\">\n<div class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">electronic notebooks<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-unorderedListItem public-DraftStyleDefault-reset public-DraftStyleDefault-depth0 public-DraftStyleDefault-listLTR\">\n<div class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">paper notebooks or workbooks<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-unorderedListItem public-DraftStyleDefault-reset public-DraftStyleDefault-depth0 public-DraftStyleDefault-listLTR\">\n<div class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">sketches, prototypes, or models<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-unorderedListItem public-DraftStyleDefault-reset public-DraftStyleDefault-depth0 public-DraftStyleDefault-listLTR\">\n<div class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">manuscripts and early versions of research outputs<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-unorderedListItem public-DraftStyleDefault-reset public-DraftStyleDefault-depth0 public-DraftStyleDefault-listLTR\">\n<div class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\"><span class=\"hardreadability\">anything else that contributed to the development of your research in its final or published form<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>W<span style=\"color: inherit;font-family: inherit;font-size: 30px\">hat is Research Data Management?<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\"><span class=\"hardreadability\">Research Data Management (RDM) is organising your data so it is secure from creation, through to publication, and beyond<\/span>. <span class=\"hardreadability\"> RDM includes ensuring your data is available to replicate your findings or to contribute to further research<\/span>.<\/div>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><span style=\"color: inherit;font-family: inherit;font-size: 30px\">What is a Research Data Management Plan?<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">Management of your research data needs to start as soon as you begin to plan your project. You will need to create a plan to help ensure you have the resources and processes to keep your data safe. Use your plan to record all the decisions you make about your research data. RCUK funders ask for Research Data Management Plans as a part of funding bids (e.g. <a style=\"background-color: #ffffff\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ahrc.ac.uk\/peerreview\/peer-review-updates-and-guidance\/\">AHRC<\/a> guidelines).<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">Your plan will include:<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">\u00a0<strong>Administrative metadata<\/strong> \u2013 basic information about your project and its context.<\/li>\n<li class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\"><strong>Data collection<\/strong> \u2013 what is your data and where do they come from? Will their format enable long-term preservation, access and re-use? Are you re-using any existing data?<\/li>\n<li class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\"><span class=\"hardreadability\"><strong>Documentation and metadata<\/strong> \u2013 what information will you provide to help users to understand\u00a0your data<\/span>?<\/li>\n<li class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\"><strong>Ethics and legal compliance<\/strong> \u2013 does your data include information about people? Have you consent to use your data, and to preserve and share it? Who owns your data?<\/li>\n<li><strong>Storage and backup<\/strong> \u2013 How and where will you store your data during your project? Are there recovery and backup procedures in place? Will there be costs associated with this storage?<\/li>\n<li><strong>Selection and preservation<\/strong> \u2013 What data will you archive? \u2013 which is <span class=\"adverb\">scholarly<\/span> useful, does it support your findings? Where will you archive your data? What data must <span class=\"passivevoice\">be destroyed<\/span> for ethical and legal reasons?<\/li>\n<li><strong>Data sharing<\/strong> \u2013 What data will you share? How will scholars and the public find your data? <span class=\"hardreadability\">What anonymization or other procedures does your data need before you can store and share it <\/span><span class=\"adverb\">safely<\/span>? How will you licence it for reuse?<\/li>\n<li><strong>Responsibility and resources<\/strong> \u2013 Who is managing your data? What extra resources will you need? Do you have the skills available? What support does your institution provide?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"\">\u00a0<span class=\"hardreadability\">Use the <\/span><a style=\"background-color: #ffffff\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dcc.ac.uk\/dmponline\">Digital Curation Centre DMP Online<\/a><span class=\"hardreadability\">\u00a0tool to create your plan using tailored guidance and examples<\/span>.<\/div>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><span style=\"color: inherit;font-family: inherit;font-size: 30px\">What is a Research Data Archive?<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\"><span class=\"hardreadability\">A research data archive is a digital system, which curates datasets to agreed and approved standards and governance<\/span>. It <span class=\"passivevoice\">is designed<\/span> to ensure data deposited is findable, secure and preserved for the long term. <span class=\"hardreadability\">It will provide a metadata schema to record information about the data and secure file storage<\/span>. <span class=\"hardreadability\">The archive will have published governance and procedures to ensure it, and the data it holds is relaible and trustworthy<\/span>. There are three main standards for archives of this kind:<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">Data Seal of Approval (DSA)<\/li>\n<li class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">Audit and certification of trustworthy repositories (ISO16363)<\/li>\n<li class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">Criteria for Trustworthy Digital Archives (DIN 31644)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"\">\u00a0<a style=\"background-color: #ffffff\" href=\"https:\/\/www.datacite.org\/\">DataCite<\/a> has set up a global registry of research repositories called <a style=\"background-color: #ffffff\" href=\"https:\/\/www.re3data.org\/\">re3data.org<\/a>. <span class=\"hardreadability\">re3data.org lists research data archives that <\/span><span class=\"passivevoice\">are run by<\/span><span class=\"hardreadability\"> a legal entity (such as a University) and have robust governance in place<\/span>.<\/div>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2>What data do I need to archive?<\/h2>\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">How much of your data you choose to archive is up to you &#8211; as long as you follow your funder and publisher guidelines. <span class=\"hardreadability\">You may want to record or archive only that data which is necessary to verify or reproduce your research findings<\/span>. <span class=\"complexword\">Alternatively<\/span>, you may want to preserve all your raw datasets for future reuse. Once you have selected what data you want to archive, you will need to ensure it is ready.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\"><span class=\"hardreadability\">You will need to think about the format your data <\/span><span class=\"passivevoice\">is created<\/span><span class=\"hardreadability\"> in and whether this file type is appropriate for archiving<\/span>. <span class=\"hardreadability\">Open, interchangeable or standard formats will ensure your files are accessible over the long term and by a wider audience<\/span>. Organise your data in a clear and logical structure. Include documentation and contextual metadata to help scholars find and use them. <span class=\"hardreadability\">Research data archives have metadata forms designed to ensure you can record this information <\/span><span class=\"adverb\">easily<\/span>.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\"><span class=\"hardreadability\">The <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ukdataservice.ac.uk\/\">UK Data Service<\/a><span class=\"hardreadability\"> provides detailed information about <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ukdataservice.ac.uk\/manage-data\/format\/organising\">how to organise and prepare your data<\/a><span class=\"hardreadability\"> for archiving<\/span>.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2 class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">What about non-digital data?<\/h2>\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">You may create research data in physical or analogue formats. These may be handwritten notebooks, models and preparatory sketches. <span class=\"hardreadability\">Data of these kinds can <\/span><span class=\"passivevoice\">be preserved by<\/span><span class=\"hardreadability\"> creating a digital surrogate or copy that you can then store alongside your digital data<\/span>. Workbooks and small-scale text can <span class=\"passivevoice\">be scanned<\/span>. Audio and video files can <span class=\"passivevoice\">be converted<\/span> to digital formats. Interviews can <span class=\"passivevoice\">be transcribed<\/span> and saved in text files.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">Take care to ensure that the digital surrogates represent the data <span class=\"adverb\">accurately<\/span>. Include information about the digitisation process in the accompanying information and metadata.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2 class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">Does your data have to be Open Access?<\/h2>\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\"><span class=\"hardreadability\">Funder, publisher and data policies encourage you to make your data <\/span><span class=\"adverb\">openly<\/span><span class=\"hardreadability\"> available to other scholars<\/span>. This is so that your findings can <span class=\"passivevoice\">be replicated<\/span> and so your data can <span class=\"passivevoice\">be reused<\/span>. <span class=\"hardreadability\">Continued use of the data beyond the lifetime of your project increases your citations and exposure<\/span>. This may lead to fruitful collaborations and more funding.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">This may not be possible without intervention if your data contains sensitive information. This may be:<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">personal details<\/li>\n<li class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">commercially sensitive information<\/li>\n<li class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">information that may place individuals or groups at risk<\/li>\n<li class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">existing datasets with restrictions on onward dissemination<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\"><span class=\"hardreadability\">At the planning stage of your project you should include details of how you will share your data without compromising the rights of others<\/span>. As early as possible consider:<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">\u00a0what consent you need to <span class=\"complexword\">obtain<\/span> from your partners and participants<\/li>\n<li class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">what anonymization processes will you need to apply to your data to protect your participants<\/li>\n<li class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">what embargo periods you will need to apply to your data<\/li>\n<li class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">what redaction will you need to perform to keep it safe<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"color: inherit;font-family: inherit;font-size: 30px\">What is F.A.I.R. data<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">Using the concept of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.force11.org\/group\/fairgroup\/fairprinciples\">F.A.I.R. Data<\/a> instead of Open Data allows us to discuss these issues in a more detailed manner. With F.A.I.R data we can make datasets \u2018as open as possible, (but) as restricted as necessary\u2019. F.A.I.R. stands for data that are:<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">\u00a0<strong>Findable<\/strong> \u2013 accurate descriptions of your data available to search engines; a unique identifier for your data; archived or recorded in a searchable and stable repository<\/li>\n<li class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\"><strong>Accessible<\/strong> \u2013 <span class=\"adverb\">universally<\/span> retrievable and authenticated<\/li>\n<li class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\"><strong>Interoperable<\/strong> \u2013 in open or standard formats; with contextual information about the data<\/li>\n<li class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\"><strong>Re-usable<\/strong> \u2013 with a clear and standard licence; with information about their provenance; with all necessary consent and clearance in place<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"color: inherit;font-family: inherit;font-size: 30px\">What help is available at the University of Kent?<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"\"><span class=\"hardreadability\">At the University of Kent the Research Support team provides guidance in <\/span><a style=\"background-color: #ffffff\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kent.ac.uk\/library\/research\/data-management\/index.html\">Managing your Research Data<\/a>. This includes:<\/div>\n<div class=\"\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">Guidance for creating research data management plan<\/li>\n<li class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">information about sharing and preserving your data<\/li>\n<li class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">help with understanding the policy, legal and ethical context of your research data<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">We also provide the <a href=\"https:\/\/data.kent.ac.uk\/\">Kent Data Repository (KDR)<\/a>. KDR is a secure and accredited archive for research data created by Kent staff and students. It is also a registry of Kent\u2019s research data where they <span class=\"passivevoice\">are stored<\/span> in an external archive. <a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/isnews\/kent-data-repository-is-go\/\">KDR was launched<\/a><span class=\"hardreadability\"> earlier this year, and we are continuing to develop its features and functionality<\/span>.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">Come and talk to us about how we can help you with your Research Data Management.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"public-DraftStyleDefault-block public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr\">See\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kent.ac.uk\/library\/research\/data-management\/index.html\">https:\/\/www.kent.ac.uk\/library\/research\/data-management\/index.html\u00a0<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"\">Email <a style=\"background-color: #ffffff\" href=\"mailto:ResearchSupport@kent.ac.uk\">ResearchSupport@kent.ac.uk<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"\">Tweet\u00a0<a style=\"background-color: #ffffff\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/UniKentResSupp\">@UniKentResSupp<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a style=\"background-color: #ffffff\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/lovedata18?src=hash\">#lovedata18<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What are research data? Research data means different things to different researchers. Research data are information generated by scholarly projects which supports or validates the &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/isnews\/what-is-this-about-research-data\/\">Read&nbsp;more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":53520,"featured_media":10942,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[10268,10269,140826],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/isnews\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10930"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/isnews\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/isnews\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/isnews\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/53520"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/isnews\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10930"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/isnews\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10930\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10941,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/isnews\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10930\/revisions\/10941"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/isnews\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10942"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/isnews\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10930"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/isnews\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10930"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.kent.ac.uk\/isnews\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10930"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}